Available in strip and wire
Duplex Stainless Steels have a dual Austenitic-Ferritic structure, offering a combination of superior properties compared to other Stainless Steel grades. These alloys provide improved corrosion resistance, particularly against pitting, crevice corrosion, and stress corrosion cracking, with nearly twice the strength of Austenitic Stainless Steels and improved toughness and ductility over Ferritic grades.
Martensitic Stainless Steel is a low cost form of Stainless metal strip. These alloys are magnetic and are generally formed in the annealed condition, then heat treated. Martensitic grades typically contain 12-15% Chromium, with Carbon as the key alloying element. Carbon content can range from as low as 0.1% to over 1%. The variation in the Carbon content, in addition to the other possible alloying elements, provides this group with a wide range of desirable mechanical properties. Whilst not as popular as other Stainless Steel grades, Martensitics offer high strength, good toughness, and good heat resistance. These grades also possess a moderate to good corrosion resistance, depending on the their Chromium content. Moreover, the higher Chromium content in some Martensitic grades, such as 431, offer a similar level of corrosion resistance to the Austenitic grade 304.
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Martensitic grades equally share similarities with some Carbon Steels. To improve toughness and ductility, they undergo a hardening process of quenching and tempering. Ultimately, it is the Carbon content of the alloy increases the strength properties. However, increasing Carbon to increase strength, consequently comes at the expense of toughness and ductility.
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As a result of its low cost and moderate corrosion resistance, this group is ideal for many applications. In fact it was the first to be commercially developed as cutlery steel. However, it is its high strength and toughness properties that result in Martensitic grades being found across multiple industry sectors. Uses include surgical instruments within hospitals, valves, pumps and other components for the Oil and Gas industry, through to turbines and gears in Aerospace manufacturing. Furthermore, these grades are highly useful for manufacturing complex spring shapes, requiring a soft steel for forming.
Duplex Stainless Steel Material Chemical Composition | |||||||||||||||
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European Designation EN 10088-2 2014 | Former BS Standard (Wire Only) | American Designation (ASTM) | TYPICAL CHEMICAL COMPOSITION % | ||||||||||||
Number | Name | BS 1554 1990 nearest fit | AISI nearest fit | UNS nearest fit | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | Ni | N | Cu | Other |
1.4062 | - | - | 2202 | S 32202 | 0.03 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 21.5 - 24.0 | 0.45 | 1.0 - 2.9 | 0.16 - 0.28 | - | - |
1.4462 | X2CrNiMoN22–5-3 | - | 2205 | S 32205 | 0.03 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.035 | 0.015 | 21.0 - 23.0 | 2.5 - 35 | 4.5 - 6.5 | 0.1 - 0.22 | - | - |
1.4362 | X2CrNiN23–4 | - | 2304 | S 32304 | 0.03 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.035 | 0.015 | 22.0 - 24.5 | 0.1 - 0.6 | 3.5 - 5.5 | 0.05 - 0.20 | 0.1 - 0.6 | - |
1.4410 | X2CrNiMoN25–7-4 | - | 2507 | S 32750 | 0.03 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.035 | 0.015 | 24.0 - 26.0 | 3.0 - 4.5 | 6.0 - 8.0 | 0.24 - 0.35 | - | - |
1.4662 | X2CrNiMoN22–5-3 | - | (LDX) 2404 | S 82441 | 0.03 | 0.7 | 2.5 - 4.0 | 0.035 | 0.005 | 23.0 - 25.0 | 1.0 - 2.0 | 3.0 - 4.5 | 0.2 - 0.3 | 0.1 - 0.8 | - |
1.4162 | X2CrMnNiN21–5-1 | - | (LDX) 2101 | S 32101 | 0.04 | 1.0 | 4.0 - 6.0 | 0.04 | 0.015 | 21.0 - 22.0 | 0.1 - 0.8 | 1.35 - 1.90 | 0.20 - 0.25 | 0.1 - 0.8 | - |
Duplex Stainless Steel Strip Mechanical Properties Annealed Stainless Steel | |||||||||
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European Designation EN 10088-2 2014 | Former BS Standard (Wire Only) | American Designation (ASTM) | Proof Strength 0.2% Min (N/mm2) | Tensile Strength | Elong. % Min. (50mm Gauge Length) | Hardness Max (VPN) | Surface Finish | ||
Number | Name | BS 1554 1990 nearest fit | AISI nearest fit | UNS nearest fit | |||||
1.4062 | - | - | 2202 | S 32202 | 380 | 650 - 900 | 30 | 305 | 2B & 2R |
1.4462 | X2CrNiMoN22–5-3 | - | 2205 | S 32205 | 450 | 650 - 880 | 25 | 284 | 2B & 2R |
1.4362 | X2CrNiN23–4 | - | 2304 | S 32304 | 400 | 600 - 830 | 25 | 274 | 2B & 2R |
1.4410 | X2CrNiMoN25–7-4 | - | 2507 | S 32750 | 530 | 730 - 950 | 25 | 305 | 2B & 2R |
1.4662 | X2CrNiMoN22–5-3 | - | (LDX) 2404 | S 82441 | 450 | 650 - 900 | 25 | 305 | 2B & 2R |
1.4162 | X2CrMnNiN21–5-1 | - | (LDX) 2101 | S 32101 | 400 | 650 - 900 | 25 | 305 | 2B & 2R |
Duplex Stainless Steel Wire Mechanical Properties Annealed Stainless Steel | ||||||||
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European Designation EN 10088-2 2014 | Former BS Standard (Wire Only) | American Designation (ASTM) | Maximum tensile strength N/mm² | |||||
Number | Name | BS 1554 1990 nearest fit | AISI nearest fit | UNS nearest fit | Wire dia 13.0 – 6.0mm | Wire dia 6.00 – 1.50mm | Wire dia 1.50 – 0.50mm | Wire dia 0.50 – 0.10mm |
1.4062 | - | - | 2202 | S 32202 | Not available as wire. Strip products available. | |||
1.4462 | X2CrNiMoN22–5-3 | - | 2205 | S 32205 | Availble on request. | |||
1.4362 | X2CrNiN23–4 | - | 2304 | S 32304 | Not available as wire. Strip products available. | |||
1.4410 | X2CrNiMoN25–7-4 | - | 2507 | S 32750 | Not available as wire. Strip products available. | |||
1.4662 | X2CrNiMoN22–5-3 | - | (LDX) 2404 | S 82441 | Not available as wire. Strip products available. | |||
1.4162 | X2CrMnNiN21–5-1 | - | (LDX) 2101 | S 32101 | Not available as wire. Strip products available. |
Duplex Stainless Steel Material Features and Applications | |||||||
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European Designation EN 10088-2 2014 | Former BS Standard (Wire Only) | American Designation (ASTM) | Key Features | Key Markets | Applications | ||
Number | Name | BS 1554 1990 nearest fit | AISI nearest fit | UNS nearest fit | |||
1.4062 | - | - | 2202 | S 32202 | Duplex 2202 (1.4062) is a dual-phase Austenitic-Ferritic Stainless Steel. It offers elevated yield strength, with good resistance to stress corrosion cracking. This alloy offers good mechanical strength and is suitable for cold forming. | Pulp & Paper Industry, Water, Food, Construction, Automotive, Desalination | Crash barriers, Desalination Cladding of paper machines, Oil tanks Juice tanks, Automotive Structures |
1.4462 | X2CrNiMoN22–5-3 | - | 2205 | S 32205 | Duplex grade 2205 (1.4062) is a dual-phase Austenitic-Ferritic Stainless Steel. It is the most widely used Duplex grade, achieving high yield strength while maintaining sufficient ductility. With good weldability and formability, it also offers high design strength, allowing for a reduction in section thickness. The corrosion resistance is comparable to Austenitic grades 304 (1.4301) and 301 (1.4310) demonstrating outstanding resistance to stress-corrosion cracking, crevice, pitting, erosion and general corrosion even in the most severe environments. | Automotive, Chemical Processing, Transport, Springs & Pressings, Decorative, Oil and Gas, Marine | Pulp and Paper Processing, Desalination, Automotive Trim, Offshore Platforms, Oil and Gas Processing Equipment Chemical Processing, Transport applications |
1.4362 | X2CrNiN23–4 | - | 2304 | S 32304 | Duplex Grade 2304 (1.4362) is a dual-phase Austenitic-Ferritic Stainless Steel with low carbon content. It proves good resistance to corrosion with comparable corrosion resistance to Austenitic grade 316L (1.4404/ 1.4432). However it has superior mechanical properties, offering much higher proof strength compared to both Austenitic Stainless Steels 304 (1.4301) and 316L (1.4404/ 1.4432). It has weight saving benefits in certain applications and is well suited for pressure vessel applications. It can operate in temperatures between -50°C (-58°F) and 300°C (572°F). Other properties include good weldability and good toughness. | Automotive, Chemical Processing, Transport, Paper and Pulp, Food Processing | Pulp and Paper Processing, Pressure Vessels, Desalination, Automotive Trim, Chemical Processing, Transport applications |
1.4410 | X2CrNiMoN25–7-4 | - | 2507 | S 32750 | Duplex 2507 (1.4410) is considered a super duplex grade. As a dual-phase Austenitic-Ferritic Stainless Steel, it provides superior resistance to all corrosion with excellent protection from chloride stress corrosion cracking. It is ideally suited for service in highly corrosive conditions. It also benefits from high thermal conductivity, and a low coefficient of thermal expansion alongside high mechanical strength and good weldability. However, it is not recommended for applications requiring prolonged exposure to temperatures above 299.°C (570 °F) due to a potential reduction in toughness. | Automotive, Chemical Processing, Marine, Oil and Gas | Pulp and Paper Processing, Desalination, Automotive Trim, Seawater Systems, Heat Exchangers, Oil and Gas Equipment, Offshore Platforms, Chemical Processing, Vessels, Piping, Desalination |
1.4662 | X2CrNiMoN22–5-3 | - | (LDX) 2404 | S 82441 | Duplex Alloy (LDX) 2404 (1.4662) is an Austenitic-Ferritic Stainless Steel with high contents of Chromium and Nitrogen. This alloy offers both high corrosion resistance and a higher mechanical strength when compared to other common Duplex materials. Other properties include good fatigue resistance and good weldability, making it ideal for multiple applications. | Automotive, Chemical Processing, Marine, Oil and Gas, Energy, Architectural | Structural Components, Piping Systems, Pulp and Paper Processing, Heat Exchangers, Water Treatment and Desalination, Offshore Platforms, Storage Tanks, Pressure vessels |
1.4162 | X2CrMnNiN21–5-1 | - | (LDX) 2101 | S 32101 | Duplex Alloy (LDX) 2101 (1.4162) is a low-alloyed, general purpose Austenitic-Ferritic Stainless Steel. It offers good general corrosion resistance, high sulphide and chloride stress corrosion resistance and overall good strength and weldability. | Chemical, Water Treatment, Paper & Pulp | Chemical Processing Vessels and Piping. Pulp and Paper Mill Equipment, Water Treatment Tanks |
All data is provided for informational purposes only. In no event will the Knight Group and its subsidiaries, be liable for in respect of any action taken by any third party arising from using the information taken from our online or printed sources. Chemical and Mechanical Properties should not be construed as maximum or minimum values for specifications, nor should information be used to assess suitability for a particular use or application. The information and data provided is deemed to be accurate to the best of our knowledge and may be revised anytime without notice and assume no duty to update